Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage among outpatients, inpatients and hospital staffs Manmohan Memorial Community Hospital, Nepal

ABSTRACT PUBLISHED

ON

First International Conference  

Infectious Diseases and Nanomedicine-2012 (ICIDN-2012)

December 15-18, 2012, Kathmandu, NEPAL

Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage among outpatients, inpatients and hospital staffs Manmohan Memorial Community Hospital, Nepal

PM Niraula¹, SR Basnyat¹, B Rijal², N Adhikari¹, D Acharya¹ and UT Shrestha¹

1: Department of Microbiology, Kantipur College of Medical Science, Sitapaila, Kathmandu, Nepal

2: Department of Microbiology, Manmohan Memorial Community Hospital Thamel Kathmandu, Nepal

Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial and community associated infections worldwide. MRSA strains are commonly resistant to multiple antimicrobials, which narrows treatment possibilities. This study was carried out to study the nasal carriage of MRSA among the different study groups and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. The study was carried out at Manmohan Memorial Community Hospital, Nepal from December 2010 to March 2011. The samples were processed for culture, identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing, including Cefoxitin by Modified Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. The nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA were found to be 32.80 % and 13.20 % respectively from 204 nasal samples. The nasal S. aureus carrier among male and female were found to be 38.8 % and 26.0% respectively. Similarly, the nasal MRSA rates were found to be 12.9 %, in male and 13.5 %, in female population. The nasal carrier rates were found to be 35.6 %, 35.4 % and 25.4 % among outpatients, Inpatients and staffs respectively. Likewise, the MRSA nasal carrier rates were 13.7 %, 12.9 % and 12.7 % among outpatients, inpatients and staffs respectively. All the MRSA isolates showed 100 % resistant to Ampicillin, followed by Erythromycin (81.4 %), Gentamycin (74.0 %), Tetracyline (62.9 %) and Ciprofloxacin (44.4 %). However, all MRSA strains were sensitive to Vancomycin. With regard to Methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), higher percentage of Ampicillin (87.5 %) showed resistance. Out of total 67 S. aureus isolates, 33 (49.2 %) were Multidrug resistant (MDR) strains, among them highest MDR percentage was found in staffs 57.1 % (8/14). Such higher S. aureus nasal carriage among study groups and higher resistance of S. aureus towards various drugs including Methicillin signifies a major threat within hospital settings.

Keywords: MRSA, Carriage, Ceoxitin, MDR, Surveillance

                                                                   80