Thursday, July 13, 2023

Article Published in Microbiology Insights; SAGE


 

Genotypically confirmed Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus with vanB gene among clinical isolates in Kathmandu

Niranjan Nepal1, Prakriti Mahara2, Shishir Subedi3, Komal Raj Rijal1, Prakash Ghimire1, Megha Raj Banjara1, Upendra Thapa Shrestha1

1Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal

2GoldenGate International College, Old Baneshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal

3Grande International Hospital, Dhapasi, Kathmandu, Nepal

 

CORRESPONDING AUTHORS: Upendra Thapa Shrestha, Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, E-mail: upendrats@gmail.com; upendra.thapashrestha@cdmi.tu.edu.np/

Megha Raj Banjara, Central Department of Microbiology, TU Email: megha.banajara@cdmi.tu.edu.np;

 

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a common bacterial pathogen causes various infections. The acquisition of various antimicrobial-resistant genes in S. aureus has led to the transformation of this bacterium into a superbug. Vancomycin resistance among MRSA isolates is an emerging threat in empirical therapy of various infections. The study was hence aimed to find out the susceptibility status of S. aureus isolates towards vancomycin and detect mecA, vanA and vanB genes among the isolates.

Methods: A total of 1245 clinical samples from the participants attending a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu were processed. S. aureus isolated from the samples subjected for antibiotic susceptibility pattern using the modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin. The antibiotic-resistant genes such as mecA, vanA, and vanB among S. aureus isolates were screened by a conventional polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Of 1245 samples, 80 S. aureus were identified. Out of which, 47.5% (38/80) were phenotypically confirmed MRSA isolates. mecA gene was detected in 84.2% (32/38) of MRSA isolates. 10.5% (4/38) were confirmed as vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) by MIC determination. None of the isolates was positive for the vanA gene; however, two isolates were found to possess the vanB gene. The two isolates have vancomycin MIC breakpoints of 4-8 μg/mL.

Conclusion: There might be a spreading of vancomycin resistance among S. aureus, creating serious public health problems. Therefore, measures to limit vancomycin resistance should be considered in healthcare facilities as immediately as possible.

Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, Multidrug-resistant, MRSA, VISA, mecA, vanB

 

 

RECEIVED: January 23, 2023. ACCEPTED: May 26, 2023.

 

TYPE: Original Research

 

Microbiology Insights

Volume 16: 1–9

© The Author(s) 2023

Article reuse guidelines:

sagepub.com/journals-permissions

DOI: 10.1177/11786361231183675


Download Fulltext 

4 comments:

  1. Telegram= @leadsupplier @killhacks @jacobfullz
    ICQ= 752822040 / @killhacks
    Email= hacksp007 @ dnmx.org

    FRESH FULLZ/PROS AVAILABLE

    CC with CVV
    SSN DOB DL
    High Credit Scores Pros
    Business EIN Fullz
    Dumps with PIN Codes Track 101 & 202
    DL Scan Front & Back
    Fullz for KYC, PUA, UI, Tax Refund

    USA, UK, CANADA Fullz Available
    Fresh & Legit stuff
    No refund only replacement

    ReplyDelete
  2. Dr WAter is the only one who could ever get my HERPES and Shingles cured with his herbal products. I have tried almost everything but i couldn't find any solution to my painful rashes and stripe of blisters. Despite all these happening to me, i always spend a lot on buying HERPES drugs from hospitals and taking some several medications but no relief, until one day i was just browsing on the internet when i came across a great post of Henriette, who truly said that she was been diagnose with HERPES and was healed through the help of these great powerful herbal doctor. Sometime i really wonder why people called him Dr. WAter, i never knew it was all because of the great and perfect work that he has been doing that made him so popular. So, I quickly contacted him, and he ask me some few questions and then he said something i will never forget. He said that anyone who has used his herbal medicine always get healed after 2 weeks. I was amazed, because i could sense that he was being very honest, so i did all that he requested to buy this medicine. When i started using this medicine, after a few days the blisters were all gone, no rashes on my body anymore. I patiently waited to finish the dosage, before i went to a nearby hospital to see a gynacologist for check up. And i was told that i was negative of the herpes and shingle. I was very amazed and happy about the healing, and i can't hold my joy, so i am here to tell anyone going through similar health issues to stop wasting your money on hospital medicine, get Dr. WAter herbal products now and be healed. Contact him on whatsapp: +2349050205019 or DRWATERHIVCURECENTRE@GMAIL.COM.
    i am leaving my facebook name here : Miranda Filipe (the profile with a white car in the background) and my email mirandafilipe01@gmail.com for those who would want to speak to me.

    ReplyDelete
  3. SSN DOB DL FULLZ
    ORIGINAL DL/ID FRONT BACK WITH SSN & SELFIE
    HIGH CREDIT SCORE FULLZ
    CC WITH CVV & BILLING ADDRESS
    CANADA SIN DEAD FULLZ
    UK DEAD FULLZ
    YOUNG AGE FULLZ
    FULLZ FOR KYC PUA UI SBA & TAX RETURN
    BULK FULLZ AVAILABLE UK USA CANADA
    CLONING CARD DUMPS 101 & 202
    MORTGAGE LEADS
    LOAN METHODS & CARDING METHODS

    Telegram @leadsupplier / @killhacks
    ICQ @killhacks / 752822040
    Skype|Wickr @peeterhacks
    Email bigbull0334 @ onion mail . org

    Fresh updated 2023 fullz
    Payment via crypto currency only
    Bulk quantity available

    ReplyDelete
  4. YOU GOT SCAMMED ⁉️
    HERE IS WHAT YOU NEED TO DO ‼️

    Contact “PYTHONAX” Immediately ✅✔️ using any of the emails below -:
    Pythonaxservices@gmail.com
    Pythonaxhacks@gmail.com
    Services@pythonax.tech

    Contacting Authorities might be helpful but most times this scam cases are not taking seriously especially if the money lost isn’t as much or people scammed aren’t as many. Most times people feel ashamed to contact authorities.

    WHO OR WHAT IS PYTHONAX⁉️

    PYTHONAX are a group of skilled hackers who use their skills to help individuals who got scammed and defrauded by tracking down the scammers using information provided. The internet today is filled with fake adverts used to scam people of their money and there isn’t really anyway to stop it. The adverts promoting this scams are so convincing and realistic that you really can’t differentiate it from what is legit and what isn’t.

    Some of the common scam that really takes a lot from people are things like-:
    ❌ Crypto & Forex Trading Scam
    ❌ Bank Loan Scam
    ❌ Buying & Purchasing Products Online
    ❌ Dating Scam (Catfishing)
    ❌ Black

    HOW WILL PYTHONAX HELP, YOU MIGHT ASK❓

    We what PYTHONAX basically do is use information you can provide about a scammer, to determine the best strategy to help you get your money back. Everything PYTHONAX do is professional and won’t be traced back to you as they keep their work discreet and clean.

    It doesn’t matter how much you were scammed, doesn’t matter what you were in contact with the scammers for, they will take up your case and will do everything within their disposal to get your money back.

    If you happen to be a victim of scammers and you reading this now, take a deep breath and stay calm, you are getting your money back. You are just an email away.

    Contact Email-:
    Pythonaxservices@gmail.com
    Pythonaxhacks@gmail.com
    Services@pythonax.tech








    PYTHONAX
    Service ©️2024.









    ReplyDelete