Bacterial Diseases and its control measure

List of Epidemic Bacterial Diseases of Man

Following is the list of important epidemic disease of man caused by bacterial pathogens:

Disease	Pathogen	Infection Sources	Reservoir	Control Measures
Plague	Yersinia pestis	Bite by flea	Wild rodents	Control rodent populations, immunization
Rocky Mountain spotted fever	Rickettsia rickettsii	Bite by infected tick	Ticks, rabbits, mice	Avoid tick exposure; treat infected individuals with antibiotics
Psittacosis	Chlamydia psittaci	Contact with birds or bird excrement	Wild and domestic birds	Avoid contact with birds; treat infected individuals with antibiotic
Chlamydia	Chlamydia trachomatis	Urethral, vaginal, and anal secretions	Humans	Testing for organism during routine pelvic examinations; chemotherapy of carriers and potential contacts; case tracing and treatment
Gonorrhoea	Neisseria gonorrhoeae	Urethral and vaginal secretions	Humans	Chemotherapy of carriers and potential contacts; case tracing and treatment
Syphilis	Treponema pallidum	Infected exudates or blood	Humans	Identification by serologicall tests; antibiotic treatment of seropositive individuals
Meningicoccal meningitis	Neisseria meningitidis	Humans cases and carriers	Humans	Exposure treated with sulfadiazine for susceptible strains
Pneumococcal pneumonia	Streptococcus pneumoniae	Human carriers	Humans	Antibiotic treatment; isolation of cases for period of communicability
Tuberculosis	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Sputum human cases; contaminated milk	Humans, cattle	Treatment with isoniazid; pasteurization of milk
Whooping cough	Bordetella pertussis	Human cases	Humans	Immunization; case isolation
Diphtheria	Corynebacterium diphtheriae	Human cases and carriers; infected food and fomites	humans	Immunization; quarantine of infected individuals
Legionnaire’s disease	Legionella pneumophila	Contaminated water	High moisture environments	Decontamination of air conditioning cooling towers, etc.
Paratyphoid	Salmonella paratyphi	Fecal contamination of food and water	Humans	Decontamination of public water sources; oversight of food handles; immunization
Typhoid fever	Salmonella typhi	Fecal contamination of food of food and water	Humans	Decontamination of public water sources; oversight of food handlers; pasteurization of milk; immunization
Tularemia	Salmonella typhi	Fecal contamination of food and water	Humans	Decontamination of public water sources; oversight of food handlers; pasteurization of milk; immunization
Anthrax	Bacillus anthracis	Milk or meat from infected animals	Cattle, swine, goats, sheep, horses	Destruction of infected animals
Bacillary dysentry	Shigella dysenteriae	Fecal contamination of food and water	Humans	Detection and control of carriers; oversight of food handlers; decontamination of water supplies
Botulism	Clostridium botulinum	Soil contaminated food	Soil	Proper preservation of milk; control of infection in animals
Brucellosis	Brucella melitensis	Milk or meat from infected animals	Cattle, swine, goats, sheep, horses	Pasteurization of milk; control of infection in animals
Cholera	Vibrio cholerae	Fecal contamination of food and water	Humans	Decontamination of public water sources; immunization
E. coli 0157 : H7 food infection	Escherichia coli O157 : H7	Fecal contamination of food and water	Humans, cattle	Decontamination of public water sources; oversight of food handlers; pasteurization of beverages
Epidemic typhus	Rickettsia prowazekii	Bite by infected louse	Humans, lice	Control louse Population
Lyme disease	Borrelia burgdorferi	Bite from infected tick	Rodents, deer, ticks	Avoid tick exposures; treat infected individuals with antibiotics