ABSTRACT PUBLISHED
ON
First
International Conference
Infectious
Diseases and Nanomedicine-2012 (ICIDN-2012)
December
15-18, 2012, Kathmandu, NEPAL
Methicillin resistant S. aureus
(MRSA) nasal carriage among outpatients, inpatients and hospital staffs Manmohan
Memorial Community Hospital, Nepal
PM Niraula1, SR Basnyat1, B Rijal2,
N Adhikari1, D Acharya1 and UT Shrestha1
1: Department of Microbiology, Kantipur College of Medical Science, Sitapaila,
Kathmandu, Nepal
2: Department of Microbiology, Manmohan Memorial Community Hospital Thamel Kathmandu, Nepal
Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a
major cause of nosocomial and community associated infections worldwide. MRSA
strains are commonly resistant to multiple antimicrobials, which narrows
treatment possibilities. This study was carried out to study the nasal carriage
of MRSA among the different study groups and their antibiotic sensitivity
pattern. The study was carried out at Manmohan Memorial Community Hospital,
Nepal from December 2010 to March 2011. The samples were processed for culture,
identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing, including Cefoxitin by
Modified Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory
Standard Institute guidelines. The nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA
were found to be 32.80 % and 13.20 % respectively from 204 nasal samples. The
nasal S. aureus carrier among male and female were found to be 38.8 %
and 26.0% respectively. Similarly, the nasal MRSA rates were found to be 12.9
%, in male and 13.5 %, in female population. The nasal carrier rates were found
to be 35.6 %, 35.4 % and 25.4 % among outpatients, Inpatients and staffs
respectively. Likewise, the MRSA nasal carrier rates were 13.7 %, 12.9 % and
12.7 % among outpatients, inpatients and staffs respectively. All the MRSA
isolates showed 100 % resistant to Ampicillin, followed by Erythromycin (81.4
%), Gentamycin (74.0 %), Tetracyline (62.9 %) and Ciprofloxacin (44.4 %).
However, all MRSA strains were sensitive to Vancomycin. With regard to Methicillin
sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), higher
percentage of Ampicillin (87.5 %) showed resistance. Out of total 67 S. aureus isolates, 33 (49.2 %) were
Multidrug resistant (MDR) strains, among them highest MDR percentage was found
in staffs 57.1 % (8/14). Such higher S. aureus nasal carriage among
study groups and higher resistance of S. aureus towards various drugs
including Methicillin signifies a major threat within hospital settings.
Keywords: MRSA, Carriage, Ceoxitin, MDR, Surveillance
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